CoE 541 Module 2 - System Analysis and Design Life Cycle

LEARNING UNIT 1

Systems Analysis and Design life Cycle: Requirements
determination, requirements specifications

LIFE CYCLE OF SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Steps involved in Analysis and Design
1.Requirements Determinations
2.Requirements Specifications
3.Feasibility Analysis
4.Final Specifications
5.Hardware Study
6.System Design
7.System Implementation
8.System Evaluation
9.System Modification

1.Requirements Determination:
This is arrived at by a consensus reached among managers in the
organization. Priorities among applications are determined and high priority
applications are selected.

2.Requirements Specifications
This is known as System Requirements Specification (SRS). Applications
where a system is required are listed, and specifications of the users
requirements are arrived at after discussion with the user.

LEARNING UNIT 2

Feasibility analysis, final specifications, hardware and
software study, system design, system implementation,
system evaluation, system modification.
3. Feasibility Analysis
Formulate Goals of the system and quantify them. Find alternative methods
of meeting the goals and for each alternative assess resources needed like
Human Resources, Time and Money, Equipment needed etc. Assess cost of
each alternative and find the best alternative
4.Final Specifications
Specifications would state what the system would achieve. Specifications
drawn up are then improved for implementation. SRS is written, which is
then given to user and agreement is reached
5.Hardware Study
Determine Hardware and Software required to execute the application.
Determine Response time, Volume of data to be processed, Frequency of
reports etc & then pick the hardware.
6.System Design
A logical Design of the System is implemented. Objects are identified,
Database is designed, and program specification and implementation plan is
drawn up.
7.System Implementation
In this phase programs are written, Database is created, user operational
document is created, users are trained and the system is tested with
operational data
8.System Evaluation
Find out from Users whether the System meets the specified requirements.
List areas of dissatisfaction and find reasons, suggest if there has to be any
improvements to the system
9.System Modification
Fix the errors, add/delete features as required by users, tune the system and
continuously monitor system and assess performance.

LEARNING UNIT 3

Role of systems analyst, attributes of system analyst, tools

used in system analysis

ROLE OF SYSTEMS ANALYST
The following are roles of systems analyst:
1. Defining Requirements: Involves Interviewing Users
2. Prioritizing Requirements: Obtain Users Consensus
3. Fact Gathering: Data, Facts and opinions of Managers are gathered,
Lower level Users should also be consulted
4.Analysis and evaluation -Arrive at appropriate system
5. Solving problems: Hazy requirements converted into specific
requirements, suggest many alternative solutions, and quantify cost and
benefits
6.Drawing up specifications: Draw up specifications which are understood
by users and programmers, which are accepted by users and which are
precise and detailed.
7. System design: Logical design of system is implemented and the design
must be modular
8.Evaluating Systems: Evaluate the system after it has been used for
sometime, Plan the periodicity for evaluation and modify the system as
needed

ATTRIBUTES OF A SYSTEMS ANALYST
Knowledge of organisation
Knowledge of computers and software
Good interpersonal relations
Ability to communicate
Analytical mind
Breadth of knowledge

TOOLS USED BY SYSTEMS ANALYST
􀂃 Data Flow Diagram
􀂃 Decision Tables
􀂃 Modeling Language such as UML
􀂃 Normalization of Databases
􀂃 Testing tools
􀂃 ISO/CMM procedure manuals